① Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia
New York: Springer, Publishers. Charlotte Brontes Time In Jane Eyre, G. The number of hours the slaves could be Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia to Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia was limited. Colonial policy and strategy Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia the Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia of the Ministry of Colonies based in The Hague. The royal family fled to exile in Britain.
Indonesia Calling by Joris Ivens 1946 - Indonesian Subtitle
Japan mounted a coup against the French. August 14, Japan surrendered to the Allies in Tokyo. A United Front government was set up in Saigon. August 25, The Emperor Bao Dai abdicated to Ho. Ho Chi Minh then formed a provisional government with himself as its president. September 2, Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnam independent. September 12, British troops arrived in Saigon to receive the surrender of the Japanese and to find out what was happening in Vietnam.
September 22, The British freed the French troops who had been imprisoned by the Japanese. September , The Vietnamese turned against the French and began to fight. In accord with the agreements drawn up by the Allies, China was to occupy the northern half of Vietnam and to receive the surrender of the Japanese. The Chinese occupied the north from mid-September to March The Chinese sought to use the occupation to gain concessions from the French.
They did not interfere with Ho Chi Minh's efforts to set up a government in the north. Negotiations broke down between Ho and the French over the return of the French to Hanoi. French troops moved into Hanoi in December as the war spread throughout Vietnam. In the Chinese Communist Party won the civil war in China. The United States, fearing communist expansion, increased its assistance to France. The Vietnamese communists were now in a position to obtain aid from both the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. They finally agreed to negotiate with the communists.
At the Geneva Conference in , Vietnam, and the two other countries of Indochina gained their independence. A military truce line was set up at the 17th parallel in preparation for elections for the reunification of Vietnam. South Vietnam, with the backing of the United States, refused to allow the elections to take place. After a few years of relative peace and reconstruction, the communists decided to renew military activities with the goal of unifying the country.
Africa and Indonesia. Leiden, A study of the influence of Malayo-Polynesian culture on that of Madagascar and Africa. James Hornell. Water Transport. Cambridge, The development of the outrigger canoe along with other types of boats is discussed. David Lewis. We, the Navigators. Honolulu, The techniques of natural navigation as used by the Polynesians are tested on a Pacific voyage. National Geographic. This magazine has published several articles on the traditional navigational practices of the Pacific peoples. Public Television Stations. The PBS likes to support independent documentaries and in the past has shown a number of programs on pre-modern navigation and oceanic voyages. Rupert Emerson. Kuala Lumpur, A constitutional history of British rule in the former Malay states and the Straits Settlements.
New York, Unlike many colonial civil servants, he was sympathetic towards the Burmese and their desire for independence and unusually objective in his examination of the impact of colonial policies on Southeast Asians. George McTurnan Kahin. Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia. Ithaca, Kahin was in Indonesia during the revolution after the Second World War.
The early chapters of the book examine the impact of Dutch rule on the country and the origins of Indonesian nationalism. Much of the information on the post-war revolution is based on his personal observations and research. Anthony J. Indonesian National Revolution, Longman, This account of the revolution synthesizes the work of several scholars, bringing out themes that tend to get lost in Kahin's longer work.
William R. The Origins on Malay Nationalism. New Haven, British rule in Malaya was unusually moderate with nationalism slow to develop. Nevertheless, some Malay groups did react to British policies and did form organizations promoting nationalism. Robert H. The State in Burma. The concept of a state, its functions and activities are examined for the pre-colonial, colonial, and modern periods of Burmese history.
William J. The communist Road to Power in Vietnam. Boulder, A general political history covering the period from to There is a useful bibliography at the end of the text. Ellen J. The Struggle for Indochina. Stanford, An outstanding study of the origins of the first Vietnamese War, this book should have been read by everyone in Washington, D. Huynh Sanh Thong. The Heritage of Vietnamese Poetry.
Annotated translations of selected Vietnamese poems from the period of Chinese rule through the twentieth century. Very informative about Vietnamese attitudes toward their culture, values, and life. David G. Vietnamese Anti-colonialism Berkeley, An examination of the pre-Marxist, anti-colonial movements, this book provides an explanation of the weaknesses of these organizations and their failure to attract broad public support. Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, Intellectual debate in colonial Vietnam leads to changes in the ways Vietnamese think about themselves and their society. The changes that occurred made it possible for the Vietnamese to work together to overthrow the French.
Archimedes L. Why Vietnam? Prelude to America's Albatross. He was stationed in Kunming, Yunnan, and was the U. When Truman replaced Roosevelt as President, U. Although an early account of his mission was drafted in , he was asked not to publish it by the Department of the Army. The VOC acted as an agent of the Dutch government in Asia by expanding the Dutch influence by taking possession of land, expanding trade routes and establishing trade outposts. By the middle of the 17th century the Dutch had replaced the Portuguese and the Spanish trading networks and established their own.
In the s both the VOC and East India Company companies were increasingly using the Cape as a halfway stop in their maritime trade and occasionally set up tents along the shore to trade with the Khoikhoi. For instance in , Dutch sailors were shipwrecked on Robben Island. In ten British prisoners were also dumped on Robben Island and in the Dutch dumped mutineers on the shores of Table Bay. In , the VOC issued instructions that a refreshment station should be established at the Cape to provide fresh supplies of vegetables, fruit and meat for VOC ships on their way to the East Indies.
Jan van Riebeeck was engaged on a five year contract by the VOC as the man who was to build the refreshment outpost. Van Riebeeck was also instructed to build a fort of defence against the Khoikhoi and other European competitor. A mud and wooden structure was erected in the Table Bay area for shelter and defence. That same year the VOC granted men permission to own land, build farms and improve food supply. By some company employees were growing their own vegetable plots near the castle. Despite these farming efforts, the settlement at the Cape remained largely dependent on food supplies brought from Amsterdam. For instance, in complete starvation was averted by the arrival of Tulp from Madagascar with rice supplies.
Van Riebeeck complained that the land available was insufficient to meet the agricultural demands of the settlement both for farming and grazing company cattle. Due to the growing need for supplies, in the VOC released some employees from their contracts and granted them freehold lands along the Liesbeeck Valley for them to start farming. They were ordered to sell their produce to the company and forbidden to trade with the Khoikhoi.
Thus, the settlement steadily spread from shores of Table Bay to other parts of the Cape. Dutch expansion into areas around Table Bay and beyond resulted in conflicts with the Khoikhoi who lost grazing pastures as settlers occupied their land and in some instances seized their cattle. Tensions over loss of pastures between and resulted in open conflict in the first Khoi-Dutch war from By the s, the settlement showed growth in the number of buildings and European visitors began to refer to the settlement as a town.
The expansion was so evident that the VOC complained in that Van Riebeeck was establishing a colony and a town a plan that had been discouraged by the company. In the s the VOC committed itself to establishing a permanent settlement at the Cape. The growing influence of the British and the French who also had interests in the Indian Ocean posed a danger that they might lay claim to the Cape because of its strategic location before the Dutch.
In the French attacked Saldanha Bay, exposing the vulnerability of the settlement. The Dutch claimed that they had purchased the land from Osingkhima leader of the Khokhoi group known as the Goringhaiqua with brandy, tobacco and bread. Thus, the order to set up a permanent settlement was an attempt by the Dutch to exclude the British with whom the Dutch were at war. In , the British, who were at war with France, invaded the Cape Peninsula from False Bay and took over the Cape including Cape Town from the Dutch until when the colony was handed back to the Dutch. When war between the British and French broke out once more in , the British permanently occupied the Cape Colony.
Amanda Briney, M. Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia sojourners also brought religion, customs, traditions, Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia court practices to the region. The Origins on Malay Nationalism. During the Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia of Maurice de Chavonnes a series of small outposts Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia built at strategic points in Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia, Klapmuts, Groenekloof and Saldanha Baai to prevent Sleep Deprivation in School Dutch Colonialism In Indonesia. Campbell, Heather-Ann ed.